Projected Visual Aids from Time to Time

Written By

Endang Asrini Arifiati (1507042025)

Over time, technology has changed to allow people to communicate efficiently and has gone from a means to make difficult tasks easier. Technology has always been a present force acting in the world. It started out as simple tools created by the most primitive humans and evolved into other tools that made life easier for the people and the inventor himself. In the mid 20th century, the technological advances began to boom. Engineers and educators began to look for new ways to make computers do tasks as media that would help them during the class. Projected and electronic materials are forms of media which could be visual, audio and audio-visual in nature that requires projection and electricity in their using process for teaching and learning situation.

According to Burton (in Shabiralyani, Hasan, Hamad and Iqbal, 2015), visual aids are those sensory objects or images which initiate or stimulate and support learning. It means that visual aids are those aids which appeal to the sense of vision or the eye in which children can see something (Dash and Dash, 2007). In a more complete meaning, Singh (2005) defines visual aids as any device which by sight and sound increase the individuals' practice, outside that attained through read labeled as an audio visual aids. Visual aids give chance to speakers to make a more professional and consistent performance.

Projected visuals have been long popular as media as well as entertainment. Projected visuals are media formats in which pictures are enlarged and displayed on a screen which are really suitable for all use at all grade levels and for instruction in all curriculum areas. One advantage of projected visual is that the teacher can maintain eye contact with the students. The lighted screen is a silent shout, meaning that a shout likely to be heeded by even the most reluctant learners. The large, bright image captures the students’ attention as no other technology can. Years ago, equipment like overhead projectors and posters provided the common visual aids. With the evolution of multimedia, PowerPoint slide shows and portable digital projectors for showing animated clips have become known.

Visual Projected Development (Clockwise) - Created with Popplet

Overhead Projection

The first projected visual aids which come into world is OHP. The typical overhead projector is a simple device which basically consists of a box with a large aperture or “stage” on the top surface. This device makes use of transparency which later is called as acetate (individual sheet of transparent film) and overlays (sheets of transparent film).

Slides

Slide is a more modern one than OHP. It refers to a small-format photographic transparency individually mounted for one-at-time projection. The standard size of slides is 5 x 5 cm. Slides may be used at all grade levels and for instruction in all curriculum area, such as providing a tour without walking though the area, making a visual history, illustrating lectures, documenting students activities, showing people at work in various jobs, simulating a field trip, promoting public understanding, etc.

Sound-Slides Sets

While OHP and slides are not accompanied by sounds, sound-slides sets are a combination of 2x2 inch slides and audiotape which is versatile, easy to use and effective for both group and independent study. This sound slide programs may be advanced in manually or automatically. In manual operation, the visual and audio components are usually separated. The presenter needs to ensure that the visual and audio are synchronized. In automatic operation, it uses two sound tracks – one for audible narration and for inaudible tones that activate the advance mechanism on the slide projector.

Multi Image Presentation 

Multi Image is the earlier form of video player. It is any visual presentation showing several images simultaneously, often using multiple screens. It may incorporate moving images, film or video but slides are used as foundation. It is heavily used in corporate communications – to impress visitors, to introduce new products, to review the year accomplishments. In education, it is usually produced for persuasive purposes like to enlist parent support for new programs, to heighten student’s awareness of issues, to arouse interest in new classroom technique.

Filmstrip

A filmstrip is a roll of 35mm transparent film containing a series of related still pictures intended for showing one at a time. The standard format of film strips is the single-frame filmstrip, in which the images are printed perpendicular to the length of the film, while in 35mm slide film, the images are parallel to the length of the film. This projector has no audio accompaniment. Narrative information is printed at the bottom of each frame or is recorded separately. As slides can be made by the teacher and students, filmstrips are better suited to mass production and distribution.

Opaque

Opaque projection is a method of enlarging and projecting nontransparent material on screen. It works by directing a very strong incandescent light down onto the material. The light is reflected upward to strike a mirror, which aims the light beam through series of lenses onto a screen. Consequently, the image on the screen is dimmer, and more complete room darkening is required. The document camera is an electronic version of the opaque projector. The image may be projected onto large screen within the room or it may be transmitted to distant sites via television. This projector is useful for many small groups or classroom-size groups that need to view printed or visual material together.

Computer Image Projection

Liquid crystal display (LCD) projections panels project computer images onto screen. This works as the same as reflective OHP, minus the transparency. An LCD panel is plugged into computer and placed onto the stage of a high-intensity overhead projector. The projector light shines through LCD panel, projecting image on a screen.

Bibliography

Dash, N. and Dash, M. 2007. Teaching English as an Additional Language. New Delhi: Atlantic

Heinich, R., Molenda, and Russel, J.D. 1996. Instructional media and technologies for learning 5th edition. New Jersey: Von Hoffman Press, Inc

Shabiralyani, G., Hasan,  K.S., Naqvi, H., and Iqbal, N. 2015. Impact of Visual Aids in Enhancing the Learning Process Case Research: District Dera Ghazi Khan. Journal of Education and Practice. Vol.6, No.19, 2015. ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online) 

Singh, Y.k. 2005. Instructional Technology in Education. New Delhi: Darya ganj.